When comparing things such as healthcare systems and policies, you often must look at countries outside of the U.S. The sites below may have the global health data that you need.
The UN Sustainable Development Goals provides a data on countries that pertain to the Sustainable Development Goals such as gender equality, quality education, good health and well-being, and reduced inequalities.
The CDC has data on global health issues such as global health protection, immunization, traveler's health, HIV & tuberculosis, and other resources and topics.
WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP) has a variety of data and repots on different countries' water supply, sanitation, hygiene, in schools, healthcare facilities, and households.
The Population Reference Bureau contains data on the international population and looks at data such as mortality rate, fertility rate, and life expectancy.
Health Map provides a global distribution of outbreaks and diseases.