"A systematic review is a review of a clearly formulated question that uses systematic and explicit methods to identify, select, and critically appraise relevant research, and to collect and analyze data from the studies that are included in the review.
Statistical methods (meta-analysis) may or may not be used to analyze and summarize the results of the included studies. Meta-analysis refers to the use of statistical techniques in a systematic review to integrate the results of included studies." - Definition from the PRISMA Statement, adopted from the Cochrane Collaboration
One way that a systematic review differs from other review methodologies is that systematic reviews are protocol driven. Similar to how one would not embark on primary research without a research protocol, one should have a protocol in place before initiating a systematic review.
For more information about what constitutes a systematic review: Munn, Z., Stern, C., Aromataris, E. et al. What kind of systematic review should I conduct? A proposed typology and guidance for systematic reviewers in the medical and health sciences. BMC Med Res Methodol 18, 5 (2018) doi:10.1186/s12874-017-0468-4
Planning Your Review
Conducting Your Review
Reporting Your Review
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Treadwell provides access to Covidence, an online platform that aims to accelerate the systematic review process, at no cost to MGH employees. MGH employees can also invite individuals from outside of MGH to collaborate on systematic reviews at no cost.
Covidence is accessible by computer or mobile device, and provides one convenient place to screen citations, assess risk of bias, and extract data.
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Systematic reviews are just one type of literature review methodology. Articles on other common comprehensive review methodologies are listed below.
Scoping Reviews
Integrative Reviews
Integrative reviews are most often seen in the nursing discipline.
Living Systematic Reviews
Living systematic reviews are continually updated reviews that may be used to synthesize rapidly evolving areas of research.
